What to Expect During an In-Wall Electrical Inspection
When constructing a home or commercial building, several different types of electrical inspections must occur before you finalize the project. The first inspection is an in-wall electrical one, which usually takes place when the wiring is first installed in a home. Before the wall is closed, an inspector will examine the wires as well as any conduits and electrical boxes that they’re connected to.
The purpose of an in-wall electrical inspection is to ensure the electrical work is up to code for safety and efficiency. During this process, the inspector will be able to identify and mitigate any potential fire hazards near electrical panels and conduits. This guide answers the question “What is in wall electrical inspection?”
Why You Need an In-Wall Electrical Inspection
Electrical inspections during construction projects are designed to prevent hazards like shocks and fire risks. These inspections are required by law for different types of electrical work.
For example, you must obtain electrical inspections when performing major home improvements, new construction, or remodeling. In-wall electrical inspections ensure safety and code compliance. They also allow you to avoid costly fines.
When Should You Schedule an In-Wall Electrical Inspection?
There are numerous instances when you should schedule an in-wall electrical inspection. For example, these inspections should always be scheduled during new construction projects to ensure the electrical system has been properly installed.
It’s also a good idea to schedule an electrical inspection for any major remodeling projects you complete. When renovating the kitchen or bathroom, you’ll likely need to alter or replace the electrical system, which means that an inspection is necessary.
Whenever you install new electrical components or appliances that connect to the entire system, you should schedule an inspection. The same is true if you’re selling or buying a home. If you have concerns about existing wiring, it’s important to address them before you sell your home.
Key Phases of In-Wall Electrical Inspections
When constructing a new home or performing a major renovation, you’ll want to schedule two phases of electrical inspections, which include a rough-in and a final inspection.
Rough-in Inspection
The purpose of a rough-in inspection is to assess an electrical system before the walls are closed and insulation is installed. During this process, inspectors check the electrical boxes, wiring, and conduit to ensure that every aspect of the system is working as intended.
Electrical conduit is a protective casing that’s placed around wiring. The electrical wire will run from the panel to outlets, lights, and switches throughout your home. The inspector will check the circuit placement to identify if there are any problems that need to be addressed. They’ll also inspect the wire routing and box sizes, which is necessary to ensure your panel accommodates the amount of electricity your home requires.
Final Inspection
The final inspection should occur after the walls are closed and all electrical components have been installed. Your inspector will check to make sure that every circuit is functioning properly. They’ll also look at every light fixture to ensure they’re securely connected.
The amount of time it takes to perform a final inspection depends on who did the work. If a professional electrician made the necessary improvements and changes, the inspection shouldn’t take that long.
On the other hand, a more comprehensive inspection may be required if you’ve done the work yourself. The inspector will evaluate your work to make sure the system is safe and up to code. If you’ve made a mistake, the inspector should give you time to make corrections. Along with the final wiring, your inspector will check to determine if you have implemented proper grounding and GFCI/AFCI protection.
What Do Inspectors Look for During an In-Wall Electrical Inspection?
An in-wall inspection occurs over several stages. If you fail one stage, you will need to fix the issue to pass the entire inspection.
Proper Circuits and Load Balancing
Your inspector will assess every circuit to ensure you have the right number for your home’s electrical demand. Every appliance must have a dedicated circuit, which is something the inspector will verify before completing the inspection. For example, your kitchen needs to have dedicated circuits for the dishwasher, microwave oven, and garbage disposal.
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) and Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) Protection
GFCI circuit protection is necessary for appliances or outlets that are located outside, near water sources, or below grade. If an outlet is positioned near a sink, the nearby circuit must be a GFCI one. All kitchen small-appliance outlets require GFCI protection.
During the final inspection, your inspector will check the circuit breakers and outlets to make sure everything’s in order. The latest building codes also require AFCI protection for remodeled or new circuits. These circuits offer better protection against fires.
Electrical Boxes and Wiring
The inspector will also check the electrical boxes and wiring around your home to determine if any alterations need to be made. For example, the sizing and placement of your electrical boxes are important. Your electrical panel needs to be flush with the wall. It also needs to be large enough to support the number of conductors that your home requires.
The electrical box must be secured to the wall if you want to pass the inspection. It’s highly recommended that you install a large electrical box in your home to pass the inspection. A large box also makes it easier for you to obtain the necessary wire length to secure the cables and connections.
Box Height Measurements
Inspectors are tasked with measuring switch and outlet heights to make sure they’re consistent. Local building codes require all outlets or receptacles to be more than 15 inches above the ground. Switches must be positioned at least four feet off the floor. Heights can be placed lower in areas where accessibility is necessary, such as a child’s room.
Cable and Wire Installation
The inspector must also review the installation of your cables and wires. They’ll make sure that the cables have been properly clamped. The sheathing for the cable should be at least 1/4 inch into the box, which makes it possible for the cable clamps to be connected to the sheathing.
It’s also important that you maintain around eight inches of wire length that extends out of the box. You need enough wire to maintain a proper connection to the device. Your inspector should check the wire gauge to make sure it supports the circuits in your home.
As for cable anchoring, it’s crucial that all cables are attached directly to wall studs. The initial staple must be positioned no more than eight inches away from the box. Further clamps should be placed every four feet. Your cables need to run through the middle of the wall studs to ensure they are protected from nails and drywall screws.
Make sure the horizontal runs are at least 20-24 inches higher than the floor. Every wall stud should be covered by a metal plate. Once this plate is installed, it will prevent nails and screws from impacting the wire during the installation of drywall.
Wire Labeling and Surge Protection
Wire labeling is required for all circuits in your home. These labels should include information about the circuit number as well as the amperage. Inspectors always look for this detail when evaluating the electrical system in a residential home or commercial building.
If you have important electronic devices in your home, such as sound systems, TVs, and stereos, you’ll benefit from installing isolated ground receptacles. These receptacles protect against interference as well as potential current fluctuations. You can also use surge protectors to keep more sensitive electronic devices in good condition. Your best option is to purchase a whole-house surge protector.
Common Mistakes that Can Cause an Inspection to Fail
Electrical inspections can fail for many reasons. Some of the common mistakes that you should avoid include the following:
- Using electrical boxes that are too small for the number of wires you have
- Failing to use the right AFCI and GFCI circuit protection
- Poorly anchoring wires
- Installing the wrong length of wire
- Not properly labeling wires
- A lack of surge protection for the sensitive equipment in your home
The Role of the Inspector During In-Wall Electrical Inspections
When an inspector shows up to your home for an in-wall inspection, they will test each circuit and make sure the electrical panel is working. They will also assess the wall wiring to look for signs of overheating or damage. Inspectors work directly with homeowners, contractors, and electricians by creating an inspection report and consulting with them throughout every stage of the process.
The report that your inspector writes up should include suggestions on how to fix any issues with your electrical system. The inspector will likely have a formal checklist that they reference to make sure every facet of your electrical system is covered. If they detect any problems that cause you to fail the inspection, they’ll give you feedback. Once you make the necessary repairs, a re-inspection might be required.
Conclusion
In-wall electrical inspections are important for safety and code compliance. Whether you’re remodeling or constructing a home, schedule regular inspections to identify potential issues early on. It’s also a good idea to schedule an inspection if you’re getting ready to buy or sell a home. Always ensure you work with a licensed contractor or electrician to prevent delays or violations.
Jason Somers, President & Founder of Crest Real Estate
With over 15 years of professional experience in the Los Angeles luxury real estate market, Jason Somers has the background, judgement and track record to provide an unparalleled level of real estate services. His widespread knowledge helps clients identify and acquire income producing properties and value-ad development opportunities.
Learn more about Jason Somers or contact us.
